Data Abstraction:

Object Oriented Programming has a special Feature called Data Abstraction. Data abstraction refers to, providing only essential information to the outside world and hiding their background details, i.e, to represent the needed information in program without presenting the details.

Abstraction shows only important things to the user and hides the internal details. For Example: When we use our Laptop, We only know how to use it, but we don't know Exactly how it's work. in another side, when our Laptop is Locked, the user can't see our personal Information on the laptop. so when he will put the password and unlock the windows then he'll be able to access the information. so this window password work like Abstraction.

Let's take another real-life example of Data Abstraction to clear the concept. Let's take an example of a Laptop, Which we can Turn on and shutdown, we can use the internet, or watch Movies and listen to a song. We can add external components, like extra keyboard, USB Drive, or Extra Hard disk, We can Increase and decrease the volume while listening music. and most important, we are coding using our Laptop. But we don't know how exactly the Laptop Works, we don't know it's Internal Methods. we don't know how it connects us with the Internet using WiFi or DSL. And you don't know how you actually access infobrother through just Cable or WiFi. This is all about Data Abstraction. Laptop Abstract it's Internal Information from the user.

Access Labels Enforce Abstraction:

In C#, We use Access labels to define the abstract Interface to the Class. A Class may contain zero or more Access Labels:

Let's we have an simple example to know, how these Access Label help us to Abstract our personal data from outside the world.

/*Example: Data Abstraction : InfoBrother:*/

using System;

namespace Abstraction
{
    class game
    {
        private int number = 15;  //private member:
        public int attempt;

        public void guess() //public method :
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Enter your Guess: ");
            do //repeat this statement:
            {                
                attempt = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
                Console.WriteLine("Guess Again: ");
            }
            while (attempt != number);  //until user enter 15;
            Console.WriteLine("That's the right guess:");
        }
    }


    class Program    //our Main class:
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)  
        {
            game Game = new game();  //Object of Class game:
            Game.guess();  //calling method:


            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}

Enter your Guess:
14
Guess Again:
12
Guess Again:
18
Guess Again:
15
Guess Again:
That's the right guess:

In our above Example, we just create an simple Guess Game, we hide a number in Our program using "Private" keyword. no one can see this number from outside the program. It's mean our program provide only excential information to User. and abstract the secret information that is number from the user.